Infertility in Women

Dr. Vivek Marwah
MS (Obs & Gyn), Dip.Op.Pelv., DART (Germany), CFIV (France)Gynecology, Laparoscopic Surgery, Infertility

Q: What is infertility in women ?

When a women has had sex without using birth control for 1 year and she has not gotten pregnant, the women is said to have infertility. It can be caused by problems in the man's or in the woman's body.
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Q: What are the common causes of infertility in women ?

A women may not get pregnant because either no eggs come out of her ovaries or the tubes that go from her ovaries to her uterus may have been damaged or she may have trouble with her uterus or there may be some other problems. These problems are discussed in more detail in my susequent questions.
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Q: Under what conditions no eggs may come out of a women's ovaries ?

Many women do not get pregnant since no eggs come out of her ovaries. This may happen for many reasons listed below : --- Her cycle may be too short. --- Her hormones may not be balanced. --- She may have a tumor or cyst in her ovaries. --- She may have a problem with her thyroid. --- She may be overweight. --- She may have lost too much weight. --- She may be under too much stress and worry. --- She may be using some street drugs or tobacco --- She may be drinking too much alcohol.
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Q: Under what conditions the tubes that go from a women's ovaries to her uterus may get damaged ?

The tubes that go from a women's ovaries to her uterus may get damaged for the following common reasons : Either she may have had a disease that scarred her tubes or she may have a birth defect she may have had surgery on her tubes
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Q: What may be the reasons for a women to have a problem with her Uterus because of which she is not able to get pregnant ?

A bad Uterus may be a problem for a women's infertility because Either she may have tissue from the uterus growing outside the uterus or she may have a fibroid (or growth) in the uterus or her uterus may not have a normal shape or it may not be in the right position or she may have scar tissue inside the uterus.
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Q: What may be other reasons for a women's infertility ?

Other reasons for a women's infertility may be She becomes less fertile as she gets older, especially after the age of 30 Her body may be allergic to sperm. It may kill sperm. She may have a problem caused by her genes. She may have DES (diethylstilbestrol) syndrome because her mother took the medicine DES when she was pregnant with her.
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Q: How is infertility in women diagnosed ?

To check a women's infertility, both husband & wife are examined by the doctor. They may be asked questions about · The couple's sexual history and whether there have been pregnancies before · the women's medical history · the women's use of drugs and alcohol · Sexual frequency of the women · any surgery performed on women's sex organs. The women may also have these tests: · Tests of urine and blood. This checks for infections and women's hormone levels. · Tests of the mucus from women's cervix and tissue from the lining of her uterus. This finds out if her ovaries work. Her partner's sperm may be counted. He may be making too few sperm to get her pregnant. Her doctor may also want to make sure her tubes or uterus are not blocked. Her doctor may use a scope and a blue-colored fluid to help see her organs. · She may also have an x-ray of the uterus and tubes with a dye.
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Q: How is infertility treated if women is diagnosed with a problem ?

If your Doctor has diagnosed you with an infertility problem, you may need medicine or surgery depending on the diagnosis. Different possibilities, based on the diagnosis can be
--- Either you may need to take hormones
--- Or you may need to take drugs to help your ovaries work
--- Or you may need surgery to remove scar tissue
--- Or you may need surgery to unblock your tubes
--- Or you may need surgery to unblock your uterus You may be asked to keep a record of your daily temperature. This will help you see if and when your eggs leave your ovaries
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Q: How is infertility treated if women’s partner is diagnosed with a problem ?

If women’s partner is diagnosed with a problem , then the possibilities are
--- If the men’s sperm count is low, he may be able to collect sperm at different times. Then his sperm can be placed in women’s body at the same time her egg leaves the ovary.
--- She can use sperm given by another man.
--- Her egg and his sperm can be put together in the lab.
Then the growing egg can be put into women’s uterus. This helps if her tubes are blocked or damaged. This procedure can cost a lot, and it doesn't always work. Proper counseling may be required in such situations.
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Q: What could be possible early signs if a women is having an Infertility Problem ?

The possible early signs can be
--- a discharge from the vagina that is not normal
--- a pain in her abdomen
--- a fever
--- bleeding from your vagina that is not normal
--- a change in her periods
--- a pain during sexual intercourse
--- sores and itching in the vagina or rectum.
She must see her doctor under all these conditions.
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